hi leutz,brauch eure hilfe,schreib am freitag ne englisch klausur über jugendkriminalität...auch so mit popular und serios paper....dreht sich also auch in ner art von zeitungsartikel....könnt ihr mir stichpunkte geben was daran wichtig ist?vielleicht habt ihr ja mal so eine geschrieben!?schonmal danke!
- handschuhe tragenZitat von RVGame
- maske anziehen
- genug beutel mitbringen
- vorher auskundschaften
- einen genauen plan erstellen
- vorher üben
- fluchtauto klauen
- einen benzinkanister mitbringen ums auto hinterher ausbrennen zu lassen.
- knarren besorgen
- nicht alleine gehen
- auf den alarm aufpassen
- gescheites ziel aussuchen, damit sichs lohnt nachme ersten mal gleich in rente auf die bahamas zu gehen.
Du kannst viele Artikel unter "Juvenile Delinquincy" finden. Hier ist einer.
http://www.free-college-essays.com/P...t_Process.html
Juvenile Delinquincy And The Ageing Out Process
At what point do juveniles discontinue delinquent thinking and behavior? Does a juvenile’s age environment or identity effect their delinquent behavior? If the “ageing out theory” is concrete, then what factors are decisive in this phenomenon? I would like to examine what causes juvenile delinquency and if the aging out process is a cause of nature or society.
In the year 2000, juveniles were responsible for 17% of all arrests, 53% of arsons and 33% of property crime committed in the United States (1). In that same year there were 7,327 arrests for every 100,000 youth ages 10-18 in the U.S (2). Although this number has dropped since the early 1980’s when juvenile crime was on the rise it is still high. To help understand why these statistics are so high we need to understand the theories behind why juveniles commit crime. There are several factors which are currently being attributed to juvenile delinquency ranging from socioeconomic status and neighborhood quality to ones identity perception or age.
Travis Hirschi and Michael Gottfredson are renowned criminologist who have been theorizing about delinquency for over 30 years. Their theory on the aging out process is that age and crime has remained the same for years and therefor age is not connected to crime. Regardless of ones enviornmental issues (family, peers, race and gender) they have consistently phased out of criminal activity over their life span (3). One example that Hirschi and Gottfredson give is that crime and age are always a constant through out the life cycle. If a 15 year old boy is 4 times more likely to commit crime than a 15 year old girl, then a 50 year old man will be 4 times more likely to commit crime than a 50 year old woman (4). Not all criminologists share this same view though and have actually disregarded it as much to generalized rather than specialized.
According to criminologist Kyle Kercher, personal factors (such as gender and race) and social factors (such as lifestyle, economic status and peer relations) significantly impact the age-crime relationship (5). Statistically over time males commit more crime than females and are incarcerated more often and have lengthy sentencing in comparison to their female counter parts. Females tend to commit less crime and if they are arrested they will spend less or no time in prison. This same rule applies to the Juvenile population as well. Having worked for the Oregon Youth Authority for 4 years, I know that only 13% of the total incarcerated juvenile population in the state of Oregon are female. Most females are raised socially different then males in that they tend to be better supervised by parents and react to provocation with anxiety or depression. On the other hand males tend to be raised with the idea that they must retaliate with aggression rather than emotion. It is widely argued that most female juvenile offenders lack typical female traits but this only represents a small majority thus the smaller amount of female offenders.
Another theory is that the aging out process is a function of the natural history of the human lifecycle. Adolescence are at a point in their lives were they are both building a morality structure but at the same time pulling away from their parents. As they go through this process they build relationships with peers who also are either beginning to defy conventional moral standards or have decided that the gratification they receive through criminal or deviant behavior is again more fulfilling then abiding by the law. This is the point were a individual will begin to naturally mature out of deviance because they have realized which model is most suitable to them (crime over consequence or consequence over crime) and they either cease or continue their behavior.
Economic status and peer relations are more widely viewed by criminologists and psychologists as the focal point of juvenile delinquency. Adolescents who are labeled as troublemakers at an early age and obtain a criminal record are more likely to continue a criminal career over their life span (6). These juveniles will typically come from a middle class to poverty level family. Young offenders both males and females who begin troublesome behavior early on have difficulty fitting in and accumulate delinquent peer groups who only reinforce their deviant behaviors. Children and teenagers who live in an impoverished community or family environment tend to utilize unlawful means to acquire gratification such as money or sex. Because of their social status or economic background, juveniles will gravitate to a specific peer grouping who share their same social status as well as their ideals on obtaining gratification.
Societal norms also have an impact on juvenile decision making and delinquency. Earlier I spoke about the expectancy of girls or woman in our society and how their upbringing and family growth expectation played an effect on their delinquent outcomes. The same is true for boys as well. Males have learned from an early age that they are to act masculine and respond to hostile or unpredictable situations in an aggressive and sometimes violent manner. Adolescent males who come from low income or poor family environment are at high risk for committing crime. This is true in that they will turn to whatever they feel secure with and they know will not be unpredictable such as gangs or negative peers who will support their criminal thinking process. Young adults who are unsure of the future will tend to have fewer goals setting ability’s as opposed to those who have grown up in a more stable and secure setting. Those who are unable to see a promising future will act and react to the moment and derive gratification or “thrill” from criminal activity. If this trend tends to be more profitable than consequential to them then they will remain criminally active for a longer period of time.
Based on my reading and research I have found that there are several opinions on the aging out process, but all seem to state that at some point criminal behavior does reduce or stop. For a majority of the juvenile population it is between ages 18-22, but there are many that continue on into adulthood. Through out my reading it was clear that a vast majority of criminologist and psychologist believe that delinquency is committed due to an adolescence environment rather than biological make up. A juveniles peer association, and socioeconomic status seem to play the biggest factors of all. Parental guidance and home life or the lack of has a serious impact on the adolescence ability to make choices with responsibility or morality. In summary, it is clear through my research that the cause of delinquency in adolescence can be attributed to community influences (peer association and economical status), family experiences and identity problems. The aging out process is a realistic ideal which occurs because of the maturing of a adolescence thought and morality process as well as contributing environmental issues. The aging out process does not occur with all criminal delinquents and can be best studied by longitudinal research.
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